在织物印花中，特种织物印花越来越引起人们的重视，目前，各种风格独特、美观新颖的织物印花为人们的生活增添了绚丽的色彩和高雅的艺术享受。发泡印花、光致发光印花、香味印花、变色印花、电化铝转移印花、静电植绒转移印花等等极大地促进了网版印花技术的发展。其中，静电植绒印花是目前纺织行业新兴的利用高压静电场在坯布上面栽植短纤维的高新技术。静电植绒产品具有立体感强、耐磨、阻燃、隔音、保暖等特点，且应用的原材料无异味、无污染，因此对人体无毒无害，是一种风格独特、手感柔软、色泽艳丽的绒毛制品。静电植绒工艺简单、成本低，已广泛应用在橡胶、塑料、人造革、装饰产品上，特别是对于小批量的旅游产品更显示出它无比的优越性。在鞋帽、童装、商标、服饰、沙发、地毯、壁纸上采用植绒图案装饰，风格独特。随着高压静电加工方法的工业化和高分子化学的发展，植绒加工用的树脂黏合材料得到迅速改良，产品质量日益提高，大面积植绒加工工艺已开始向衣料等方面发展。
In fabric printing, more and more attention has been paid to special fabric printing. At present, all kinds of unique, beautiful and novel fabric printing add colorful colors and elegant artistic enjoyment to people's life. Foam printing, photoluminescent printing, fragrance printing, color change printing, electro chemical transfer printing, electrostatic flocking and transfer printing have greatly promoted the development of screen printing technology. Among them, electrostatic flocking printing is a new and high technology used in the textile industry to build short fiber on the grey fabric by using high-voltage electrostatic field. Electrostatic flocking products with a three-dimensional sense of strong characteristic, wear resistant, flame retardant, sound insulation, heat preservation, raw materials and application of no smell, no pollution, and no harm to human body, is a unique style, soft, colorful cashmere products. Electrostatic flocking process is simple, low cost, has been widely used in rubber, plastics, artificial leather and decorative products, especially for small quantities of tourism products, showing its incomparable superiority. In shoes and hats, children's clothing, trademarks, clothing, sofas, carpets, wallpaper, the use of flocking pattern decoration, unique style. Along with the industrialization and the development of polymer chemistry in high voltage electrostatic processing method, resin bonded materials with flocking processing rapidly improved, increasing the quality of products, technology of large area has begun to develop cloth flocking processing etc..
一、静电檀绒印花的技术特点
I. technical features of electrostatic flannel printing
静电植绒印花是在承印物表面上印涂黏合层，再把称作纤维短绒的纤维绒毛(大约l／l0～l／4英寸)按照特定的图案黏着到织物表面的印花方式。静电植绒印花首先使用黏合剂(不像其他印花使用染料或涂料)在织物上印制图案，然后把纤维短绒结合到织物上，纤维短绒只会固定在曾施加过黏合剂的部位。从而获得平绒织物样的印花效果。
Electrostatic flocking is at the substrate surface is printed on coated adhesive layer, then the fiber fluff fiber called linter (about L / l0 ~ L / 4 inch) in accordance with the specific pattern is adhered to the surface of the fabric printing. The first use of electrostatic flocking printing adhesive (unlike other prints using dye or paint) pattern printed on the fabric, and then combined with linters to the fabric, linters would only be fixed in once applied adhesive parts. To obtain the printing effect of velveteen fabric sample.
静电植绒将具有一定导电性的绒毛，放入具有一定电场强度的高压电场中，它作为带电载体沿着电位差之间运动。涂层黏合剂的材料作为地电位，绒毛垂直渗入黏合剂涂层的表面，从而形成具有一层竖绒的载绒印刷产品。静电植绒是根据在一个电场中，两个带有不同电荷的物体同性相斥、异性相吸的原理而设计的一种工艺。静电发生器生成的高压静电场，一端接装在有绒毛的金属网上，一端接在涂有黏合剂的植绒坯布在地极上。在金属网上的绒毛带有负电荷，由于受带正电的接地电极所吸引，便垂直加速植到涂过黏合剂的坯布上，如果绒毛没有被植上，由于受电场影响而带正电，那就会被吸引回金属网上。绒毛将在静电场内不停地跳动，直到坯布上均匀地植满绒为止。
Electrostatic flocking will have a certain conductive villi, placed in a high field of electric field with a certain electric field intensity, it acts as a live carrier, along the potential difference between the movement. The material of the coating adhesive acts as a ground potential, and the villi penetrate the surface of the adhesive coating vertically, thereby forming a printed product with a vertical fleece. Electrostatic flocking is based in an electric field, a process and design principle of two objects with different charges same-sex repulsion, the attraction of the. The high-voltage electrostatic field generated by the electrostatic generator is connected with one end of the electrostatic metal net, and one end is connected with the flocking grey cloth coated with an adhesive on the polar surface. With a negative charge in the metal net villi, due to the positively charged grounding electrode to attract, then vertical acceleration and to the coated adhesive fabric, wool if not being planted, due to the influence of electric field and the positively charged, it will be drawn back to the metal net. The fluff will keep beating in the static until the fabric is evenly covered.
目前常用的静电植绒设备有固定式平面静电植绒机和手提式静电植绒机。固定式平面静电植绒机设备相对庞大、固定，因此适宜进行大批量、单一品种的全面积植绒，用大型植绒机械可生产类似平面绒、条绒、仿鹿皮绒等各种色泽的布料，最适合服装鞋帽、箱包、手套等。使用这种设备时要注意其植绒宽度、工作电流、电压等技术参数，因为超过宽度等技术参数，单位面积的绒毛所带的电荷量就达不到要求，就会影响到植绒效果。
At present, the commonly used electrostatic flocking equipment has fixed flat electrostatic flocking machine and portable electrostatic flocking machine. Fixed plane electrostatic flocking machine equipment is relatively large, fixed, so it is suitable for the whole area of flocking large scale, single variety, large machinery can produce similar flat flocking velvet, corduroy, imitation suede and other color cloth, the most suitable clothing shoes and hats, bags, gloves etc.. The use of this equipment should pay attention to the technical parameters of the flocking width, working current, voltage etc., because more than width of the technical parameters, the amount of charge per unit area of the villi with it is not up to the requirements, it will affect the effect of flocking.
小型静电植绒机一般将高压电极与撤绒装置连接在一起，撤绒器的底部是高压电极，通过筛网将绒毛抖落下来。对于球形网，撤绒网也就是高压电极，这样对水平或垂直的表面都可进行植绒，植绒时绒毛向上，与重力方向相反，被植绒物旋转，在植绒过程中不能中断工作，直至整个球面植满为止。采用小型植绒机械可在汽车、火车、飞机内部装饰，还可用于家庭、宾馆、舞厅内外墙壁的装饰与装修、金银手饰、礼品的包装盒的装潢。
Small electrostatic flocking machine generally the high voltage electrode and withdrawal device connected with cashmere, cashmere is removed at the bottom of the high-voltage electrode, the screen will shake down down. For the spherical net, web is the high voltage electrode withdrawal, which can carry out flocking on horizontal or vertical surfaces, flocking villi upward, contrary to the direction of gravity, are flocking rotating can not be interrupted, working in the flocking process, until the entire sphere planted so far. The small flocking machine can be used in the interior of automobiles, trains and airplanes, and can also be used for decoration and decoration of walls inside families, hotels, ballroom and inside and outside, decorations of gold and silver ornaments and gift boxes.
手提式静电植绒机适应网版印刷业及可以进行立体植绒，具有小巧、灵活等优点，基材上适合分散的、面积较小的图案进行网版漏胶植绒和立体植绒，植绒图案的位置和面积不受限制。不仅可平面植绒，而且能在各种基材、不同形状的立体工件上植绒。植绒印花工艺结合使用网版印刷技术，可生产各种植绒工艺品如字画、玩具、对联、工艺画等。
Portable electrostatic flocking machine is suitable for screen printing industry and can carry out three-dimensional flocking, has a compact, flexible, smaller substrate for dispersed, pattern screen leakage and stereo flocking flocking, flocking pattern and position of the area is not restricted. Not only can plane flocking, but also in a variety of substrates, different shapes of flocking on the three-dimensional workpiece. Flocking printing process, combined with the use of screen printing technology, can produce all kinds of flocking handicrafts, such as paintings, toys, couplets, paintings and so on.
二、静电植绒印花材料的选择
Two. Selection of electrostatic flocking printing materials
静电植绒常用的是圆网网印工艺，采用圆网上胶取代单片刮涂方式，其工作流程为：圆网制版一配制黏合剂一绒毛制作一基布刷毛烫平一涂胶一静电植缄一预烘一焙烘一清理一检验一包装。在圆网工艺植绒中，要注意绒毛制作、黏合剂配制、基布处理、圆网制版、植绒工艺控制和设备的调控等方面的问题。静电植绒印刷使用的主要原材料是纤维绒毛、坯布、黏合剂，在选择原*4-时要注意以下问题。
Electrostatic flocking is commonly used in rotary screen printing technology, using the circle line glue instead of monolithic scraping method, the process is as follows: a preparation of a circular screen making adhesive making cloth ironing brush down a glue a electrostatic sealed a pre heating baking a cleaning a test package. In the process of round mesh flocking, we should pay attention to the problems of making of fluff, adhesive preparation, base cloth treatment, round screen making, flocking process control and equipment control and so on. The main raw material for electrostatic flocking printing is fiber nap, grey fabric and adhesive. When choosing the original *4-, we should pay attention to the following problems.
1.绒毛的选择
1., the choice of villi
目前，用于植绒印花的主要是纤维绒毛，比较普遍的是黏胶、锦纶、腈纶、涤纶四种，而主要是
At present, for the flocking is mainly fiber fluff, common viscose, nylon, acrylic, polyester four, but mainly